Southern Maryland farm fields edged by loblolly pine woods, with an old weathered tobacco barn in the middle distance.
St. Mary's County, Maryland Southern Maryland

Barndominium Builders in St. Mary's County, Maryland

St. Mary's County, Maryland fills the tip of the Southern Maryland peninsula between the Potomac and the Patuxent, and most of it is still farms, woods and tidal creeks. Outside Lexington Park, Great Mills and Leonardtown, the typical homesite is several acres on a well and septic system, which is exactly the kind of lot people want for barndominiums in St. Mary's County. The County's Department of Land Use and Growth Management processes building permits and applies the zoning ordinance across the unincorporated county, and its permit staff route each application to the other agencies that must sign off. The St. Mary's County Health Department runs the perc test and permits the well. Two local rules shape what you can buy: the Rural Preservation District, where extra homes on a parcel need transferable development rights, and the Chesapeake Bay Critical Area, which reaches 1,000 feet in from tidal water on a county with a very long shoreline. Kits suit owners who want to manage their own crew; a turnkey build puts the permits, site work and trades on us. Send the parcel first, and we will check its zoning district, perc history and Critical Area status before anything is drawn.

St. Mary's County at a glance

Government
County
Building permit
County permit office
Land use
County zoning
Wastewater
Septic via the county health department
Private wells
Well permits from the county health department

Barndominium Kits and Barndominiums for Sale Near St. Mary's County

Finished barndominiums rarely come up for sale, so buying one usually means one of two routes: a steel or pole barn kit delivered to land you own, for an owner or a hired crew to put up, or a new build on your parcel from plan to move-in. A custom plan fits the shop bay and the living space to the lot. Either way the land sets the budget more than the floor area does, so each option is priced against your site rather than a rate card.

Barndominium Builders and Pole Barn Homes Near St. Mary's County

A pole barn home sets its frame on posts and trusses (the engineering term is post-frame), which often suits a simple, wide layout with a shop bay under the same roof. A turnkey build takes the project from the pad to the finished house. Whether either fits your parcel comes down to the zoning, the septic and the water, set out below.

Building in St. Mary's County: Permits, Zoning, Septic and Wells

Four questions decide whether a barndominium works on a parcel before any steel is ordered. Here is who answers each of them in St. Mary's County, taken from the office or document that publishes it. Rules change, so check them again against your parcel before anything is drawn.

Who issues the building permit County permit office

St. Mary's County Department of Land Use and Growth Management, Permit Services Division

The Permit Services Division processes building permits, plus the environmental permits for Critical Area and floodplain work, under the County's building code, zoning ordinance and subdivision regulations, and routes each application to the other agencies that must review it.

Source: Permits, St. Mary's County Department of Land Use and Growth Management (stmaryscountymd.gov)

Who decides the land use County zoning

St. Mary's County Department of Land Use and Growth Management

The Comprehensive Zoning Ordinance governs the unincorporated county, so the incorporated Town of Leonardtown falls outside it. Most rural land is in the Rural Preservation District, which exists to protect farming, forestry and aquaculture: low-density homes are allowed, the right to farm is protected against neighbours' complaints, and a full range of public facilities is not planned there.

Source: St. Mary's County Comprehensive Zoning Ordinance (stmaryscountymd.gov)

Sewer or septic Septic: county health department

St. Mary's County Health Department, Environmental Health Division

Every property without public sewer needs a perc test before any building with plumbing starts. If the soil passes, a surveyed plat sets aside an area only for sewage disposal. Since 1 July 2025 new-construction perc applications go to the Health Department, not to Land Use and Growth Management.

Source: Perc Testing, St. Mary's County Health Department (smchd.org)

Private water wells Wells: county health department

St. Mary's County Health Department, Environmental Health Division

The Health Department issues well-drilling permits, but only to licensed well drillers, who file the paperwork and the proposed well site. Department staff sample every new drinking-water well, and a certificate of potability issues when the state lab results meet the standards.

Source: Wells and Well Water Fact Sheet, St. Mary's County Health Department (smchd.org)

Extra homes need development rights
Under the County's zoning ordinance, a parcel in the Rural Preservation District may take its first dwelling on 5 acres of base density without transferable development rights (TDRs); each further lot or dwelling needs TDRs, one each at up to one unit per 5 acres and more at higher density.

Source: St. Mary's County Comprehensive Zoning Ordinance (stmaryscountymd.gov)

Building in the Critical Area
The County's Customer Assistance Guide 9 (revised 27 June 2023) requires a Critical Area site plan showing shoreline, wetlands, forest and disturbance limits, and says a lot created by deed only after 15 March 1978 needs an after-the-fact subdivision plat before a permit for a new home can issue.

Source: Customer Assistance Guide 9: Building Permits in the Critical Area, St. Mary's County (stmaryscountymd.gov)

Metal Building Homes Near St. Mary's County

A metal building home uses a steel frame and steel skin, with the clear span to open up a shop, a garage bay or a great room without interior posts. The structural design is set for your site by the engineer and the building official.

Building on Land Near St. Mary's County

Start with the zoning map. Most rural parcels here are in the Rural Preservation District, where one house on an existing parcel is straightforward but splitting off more lots means buying development rights. Next, find out whether the parcel lies within 1,000 feet of tidal water or wetlands; on this peninsula many do, and the Critical Area review adds a detailed site plan and limits on clearing. Then comes the perc test, whose approved sewage area fixes where the house and shop can go. Pole barn homes and metal building homes suit these lots, as long as the long walls and the drive stay clear of the septic area and the well.

Other places in this part of Maryland

Have land in or near St. Mary's County? Tell us about the parcel and what you want on it, and we will check it against the local rules before anything is drawn.

Building in St. Mary's County: questions

Start the survey
Do I need a building permit for a barndominium in St. Mary's County?
Yes. A barndominium you live in needs a residential building permit from the Department of Land Use and Growth Management, which sends the application to the Health Department and the other reviewers. Build a lot's perc test and well into the schedule before you apply. Our permitting page explains the order.
How much does a barndominium cost in St. Mary's County?
The parcel moves the price: a perc test and septic system, a drilled well, the driveway and, on waterfront land, the Critical Area site plan and planting. The building's size and finish do the rest. Sourced ranges and the costs to plan for are in our barndominium cost guide.
Can I build more than one house on my land in the Rural Preservation District?
Possibly, but not for free. The first dwelling on an eligible parcel uses 5 acres of base density without development rights; each extra lot or house needs transferable development rights under the County's zoning ordinance. Tell us the acreage through the survey and we will map out what the zoning allows.
Are barndominiums for sale in St. Mary's County?
A finished barndominium for sale rarely comes up here, so buyers usually build. We do not list homes; we supply barndominium kits for your own lot or build the house outright, priced against your parcel.

Other places near St. Mary's County

Nearby places with their own pages. Across a town line or a county line the permit office, the zoning, the septic and the well rules can change, so each is covered separately.

Building in St. Mary's County?

Start with the survey. Tell us where the land is and what you want on it, and we will come back with which offices decide it, what the zoning allows, and a plan to fit.